Description
Anti-Müllerian hormone also known as AMH is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the AMH gene.It inhibits the development of the Müllerian ducts (paramesonephric ducts) in the male embryo. It has also been called Müllerian inhibiting factor (MIF), Müllerianinhibiting hormone (MIH), and Müllerian-inhibiting substance (MIS). AMH is a protein hormone structurally related to inhibin and activin, and a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family. It is a dimeric glycoprotein that has a molar mass of 140 kDa. AMH is secreted by Sertoli cells of the testes during embryogenesis of the fetal male. In females, it is secreted by the granulosa cells of ovarian follicles. In mammals, AMH prevents the development of the müllerian ducts into the uterus and other müllerian structures. The effect is ipsilateral, that is each testis suppresses Müllerian development only on its own side. In humans, this action takes place during the first 8 weeks of gestation. AMH is expressed by granulosa cells of the ovary during the reproductive years, and controls the formation of primary follicles by inhibiting excessive follicular recruitment by FSH